Games - Emotion Engine

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	Games - Emotion Engine

The Emotion Engine is the name of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) used in Sony PlayStation 2 video game consoles. It was jointly designed by Toshiba and Sony and began mass production in 1999. According to MicroDesign Resources, it is two times faster than a 733 MHz Pentium III and 15 times faster than a 400 MHz Celeron at handling tasks like full-motion video. Despite the name and Sony's initial marketing of the PlayStation 2, this processor is not specifically designed to render realistic "emotions" for game characters.

The Emotion Engine's data bus, cache memory as well as all registers are implemented in 128 bit technology, integrated on a single 0.18 micrometer process technology chip (making it the first commercial 128 bit CPU). The Emotion Engine, based on the MIPS R5900, is sort of a combination CPU and DSP processor, whose main function is simulating 3D worlds. It integrated all necessary units on the die: The MIPS III CPU core, 2 vector units, FPU, image processing unit (basically an MPEG2 decoder with some other capabilities), 10-channel DMA controller, graphics interface unit, RDRAM and I/O interfaces, all connected via a shared 128-bit internal bus.

Specifications

CPU core: 128-bit RISC (MIPS IV-subset)
Clock Frequency: 294 MHz (299 MHz in later versions)
Gate width: 0.18 µm
VDD Voltage: 1.8 V
Power consumption: 15 W
Metal layers: 4
Total transistors: 10.5 million
Die size: 240 mm²
Package: 540 pin PBGA
Integer Unit: 64-bit (2-way Superscalar)
Multimedia extended instructions: 107 instructions at 128 bit width
Integer General Purpose Register: 32 at 128 bit width
TLB: 48 double entries
Instruction Cache: 16 KB (2 way)
Data Cache: 8 KB (2 way)
Scratch pad RAM: 16 KB (Dual port)
Main Memory: 32 MB (Direct RDRAM 2 channels at 800 MHz)
Memory bandwidth: 3.2 GB/s
DMA: 10 channels
Co-processor 1: FPU (FMAC x 1, FDIV x 1)
Co-processor 2: VU0 (FMAC x 4, FDIV x 1)
Vector Processing Unit: VU1 (FMAC x 5, FDIV x 2)
Floating Point Performance: 6.2 GFLOPS
Curved Surface Generation (Bezier): 16 million polygons per second
Image Processing Unit: MPEG2 Macroblock Layer Decoder
Image Processing Performance: 150 million pixels per second

Geometry

Perspective Transformation: 66 million polygons per second
Lighting: 38 million polygons per second
Fog: 36 million polygons per second

[ Visit the complete Wikipedia entry for Emotion Engine ]

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