Games - MIPS Magnum

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	Games - MIPS Magnum

The MIPS Magnum was a line of computer workstations designed by MIPS Computer Systems, Inc. and based on the MIPS series of RISC microprocessors. The first Magnum was released in March, 1990, and production of various models continued until 1993. The early, R3000-based Magnum series ran only RISC/os, a variant of BSD Unix, but the subsequent Magnum workstations based on the Jazz architecture ran both RISC/os and Windows NT. In addition to these proprietary operating systems, both Linux and NetBSD have been ported to the Jazz-based MIPS Magnum machines.

Some models of MIPS Magnum were rebadged and sold by Groupe Bull and Olivetti. In addition, headless (i.e., without a framebuffer or video card) versions were marketed as servers under the name "MIPS Millennium".

Series

MIPS Magnum 3000

Alternative model name: MIPS RC3230
Release: March, 1990
Initial price: $9000 USD
Bus: Turbochannel
Maximum possible RAM: 128 MB

MIPS Magnum R4000

Two subtypes: The R4000 PC-50 and R4000 SC-50
Release: April, 1992
Initial price: $12,000.00 USD
Bus: EISA
Maximum possible RAM: 256 MB

Components

Processors

As mentioned, the MIPS Magnum 3000 includes a MIPS R3000A processor running at either 25 MHz or 33 MHz.

The MIPS Magnum R4000 PC-50 includes a MIPS R4000PC processor with only 16 kB primary cache (but no secondary cache), running at an external clock rate of 50 MHz (which was internally doubled in the microprocessor to 100 MHz).

The MIPS Magnum R4000 SC-50 is identical to the Magnum R4000PC, but includes one megabyte of secondary cache in addition to the primary cache.

Memory

For main memory, the MIPS Magnum 3000 accepted 30-pin true-parity, 80ns SIMMs up to a maximum of 128 MB.

The MIPS Magnum R4000 accepted eight 72-pin true-parity SIMMs, up to a maximum of 256 MB.

SCSI

The MIPS Magnum R4000 (both the R4000 PC-50 and R4000 SC-50) includes a single on-board SCSI bus using the on-board NCR 53c94 fast-narrow SCSI chipset. An internal cable with four 50-pin connections links internal SCSI devices, and also interfaces external SCSI devices via an endlink mounted on the rear of the case.

Ethernet

The MIPS Magnum R4000 includes an on-board SONIC ethernet chipset and an AUI ethernet connector mounted on the case.

Framebuffer

The video output for the Magnum R4000 consists of a proprietary framebuffer available as a custom full-length option card — the G364 framebuffer. The G364 includes a SUN 13W3-style output (which can be converted to the more common VGA pin-out), and is capable of pixel screen resolutions of 640x480, 800x600, 1024x768, or 1280x1024. Because it is a simple framebuffer, the G364 does not include any accelerated graphics functions.

Serial and Parallel I/O

The MIPS Magnum R4000 also includes two standard RS232-capable serial ports and an IBM AT-compatible parallel port.

Floppy disk

Also, the MIPS Magnum R4000 had an IBM AT-compatible floppy disk controller and a single floppy drive bay.

Historical development

The MIPS Magnum 3000 used a MIPS R3000 processor and a custom, proprietary motherboard which incorporated the Turbochannel bus licensed from DEC (it is noted that DEC also manufactured the DECstation line of workstations running Ultrix, which also used MIPS processors and the Turbochannel bus). The Magnum 3000 ran only RISC/os, which was MIPS Computer Systems, Inc.'s proprietary port of BSD Unix including some System V features.

The later Magnums, the MIPS Magnum R4000PC and MIPS Magnum R4000SC, also used a MIPS microprocessor — the MIPS R4000, a full 64-bit microprocessor available either in a low-cost version (the R4000PC) having 16kB of primary cache but no secondary cache, or a higher-performance version (the R4000SC) with 1MB of secondary cache in addition to the 16kB of primary cache.

As MIPS Computer Systems, Inc. had co-founded the Advanced Computing Environment consortium with Silicon Graphics, Microsoft, Motorola and others, the MIPS Magnum R4000 was intended to be MIPS' entry into the Windows NT workstation market. However, because MIPS Computer Systems, Inc.'s in-house effort to design a MIPS-based Windows NT system had met delays, MIPS Technologies abandoned its in-house efforts and instead licensed the Jazz design which Microsoft had developed in the early 1990s to facilitate the porting and development of Windows NT (it is to be noted that Windows NT was first developed on the MIPS architecture, and was only later ported to the Intel 386, DEC Alpha, and PowerPC architectures).

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